THE IMPACT OF POLITICAL CHANGES ON IRAQ AND THEIR REPERCUSSIONS IN NINEVEH GOVERNORATE FROM A GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

All the political changes that took place in Iraq had strong repercussions on Nineveh, where the political changes in 1991 led to the granting of autonomy to the northern Nineveh region, to develop after the US invasion of Iraq 2003, to the entry of the Kurdish Peshmerga forces into northern Nineveh and their demand to annex these disputed areas in accordance with Article 140 From the Iraqi constitution, and the matter did not stop at this point, but other political variables appeared that were reflected in Nineveh, including the Arab Spring revolutions of 2011 and the entry of the most dangerous terrorist organization into Nineveh (ISIS) in 2014 to intensify the conflict in Nineveh, and this led to the weakness of the central government and the rebellion of the Kurdistan region And the holding of a referendum in 2017 to annex the disputed areas of northern Nineveh, which led to the Iraqi government imposing the law and the failure of this referendum, but a Turkish-Iranian conflict was born with local tools led by their allied military arms, in addition to the entry of the terrorist Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) to intensify the conflict in the province In particular, in the strategic border area with Syria.